Law is declared policy of State of about `Doing’ and `Not Doing’.
It always changes and matches with the development of the Society. The law
in India has its application within the three corners; The Fundamental Rights,
Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties of the citizen.
The
Fundamental Rights are Right to Equality i.e. Equality before
law; Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth; Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment; Abolition of untouchability; Abolition of titles, Right
to Freedom i.e. Protection of certain rights regarding freedom
of speech, etc.; Protection in respect of conviction for offences;
Protection of life and personal liberty; Right to education;
Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases, Right
against Exploitation i.e. Prohibition of traffic in human beings
and forced labour; Prohibition of employment of children in factories,
etc.; Right to Freedom of Religion i.e. Freedom of conscience
and free profession, practice and propagation of religion; Freedom
to manage religious affairs; Freedom as to payment of taxes for
promotion of any particular religion; Freedom as to attendance
at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational
institutions, Cultural and Educational Rights i.e. Protection
of interest of minorities; Right of minorities to establish and
administer educational institutions,
The Directive Principles of State Policy are State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people; Equal justice and free legal aid; Organisation of village panchayats;
Law
is declared policy of State of about `Doing’ and `Not Doing’.
It always changes and matches with the development of the Society.
The law in India has its application within the three corners; The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties of the citizen.
The Fundamental Rights are Right to Equality i.e.
Equality before law; Prohibition of discrimination on grounds
of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth; Equality
of opportunity in matters of public employment; Abolition of
untouchability; Abolition of titles, Right to Freedom i.e. Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.; Protection in respect of conviction for offences; Protection of life and personal liberty; Right to education; Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases, Right against Exploitation i.e. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour; Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.; Right to Freedom of Religion i.e. Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion; Freedom to manage religious affairs; Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion; Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions, Cultural and Educational Rights i.e. Protection of interest of minorities; Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions,
The Directive Principles of State Policy are
State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of
the people; Equal justice and free legal aid; Organisation of
village panchayats; Right to work, to education and to public
assistance in certain cases; Provision for just and humane conditions
of work and maternity relief; Living wage, etc, for workers;
Participation of workers in management of industries; Uniform
civil code for citizens; Provision for early childhood care and
education to children below the age of six years; Promotion of
educational and economic, interests of Scheduled Castes,
Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections; Duty of State to
raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
improve public health; Organisation of agriculture and animal
husbandry; Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding
of forests and wild life; Protection of monuments and places
and objects of national importance; Separation of judiciary from
executive; Promotion of international peace and security.
The Fundamental Duties are; To
abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institution,
the National Flag and National Anthem; to cherish and follow
the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
to uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of
India; to defend the country and render national service when
called upon to do so; to promote harmony and the spirit of common
brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious,
linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce
practices derogatory to the dignity of women; to value and preserve
the rich heritage of our composite culture; to protect and improve
the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and
world life, and to have compassion for living creatures; to develop
the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and
reform; to safeguard public property and the abjure violence;
to strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and
collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher
levels of endeavour and achievement; who is a parent or guardian
to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the
case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.
India is signatory to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966 and consequently Right to Development has
become part of Article 21 of our Constitution which declares that
`No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty
except according to procedure established by law.
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